
Разработка рекомендаций по обеспечению оптимального теплового режима при кучном выщелачивании золота в условиях криолитозоны = Developing recommendations for optimal thermal conditions for gold heap leaching in the permafrost zone
Статья в журнале
Русский
622.839.43
10.21440/0536-1028-2023-4-68-81
математическое моделирование; тепловой режим; тепломассоперенос; кучное выщелачивание ; золото; многолетнемерзлые горные породы; криолитозона; mathematical modeling ; thermal conditions; heat and mass transfer ; heap leaching; gold; permafrost rock; permafrost zone
Introduction. The article considers the problem of extending the period of gold heap leaching in the permafrost zone. The main factor limiting the use of this method in cold regions is that the efficiency of the process of leaching any gold-bearing ores largely depends on the ore stack and leaching solution temperature conditions, which in turn determines the seasonal activity of the gold mining enterprises that use heap leaching technology (only during the summer months). Research objective is to develop a new integrated mathematical model of heat and mass transfer during mineral heap leaching in cold regions. The model will make it possible to very reliably assess a number of important characteristics o fgold leaching in permafrost zones and extend the leaching period. Research results. A mathematical model has been developed that includes a two-dimensional nonlinear heat-transfer equation (the Stefan problem). The program allows to select the thermal and physical characteristics of a rock mass (base) and a crushed rock stack, initial moisture content (ice content), power and spatial arrangement of heat sources, thermal insulation parameters of the surface of a stack and a base, etc. A program has been developed that allows to predict the thermal condition of the permafrost mass (base) and crushed rock stacks, choose the heat sources operation mode (heating circuit) and the thermal insulation parameters Research procedure. Multivariate analysis was carried out on the ore stack thermal conditions prediction in the process of gold leaching in different periods of the year for the climatic conditions of the Verkhoyansk region, Yakutia. Calculation types include the starting date of the heap leaching process and the methods of stack thermal insulation. It is shown that there is a direct and close relationship between the starting date of leaching and the methods of thermal insulation. Recommendations. The recommended 120-day (4-month) periods of heap leaching stack formation are presented under the thermal insulation with 0.1 m and 0.2 m thick polystyrene foam in various combinations. It is shown that for the stacks constructed in May and June, thermal insulation is not required. For the stacks constructed in March and April, thermal insulation is necessary. For the stacks constructed in July and August, thermal insulation of the surface is required. Results and relevance. Correct thermal insulation material and its thickness, the timing of the stack construction and its operating modes can significantly reduce the cost of thermal insulation materials and extend the leaching time from March to November inclusive. For year-round operation of stacks, measures for the stack body heating in the winter months (from December to February) are required. The right choice of stack thermal insulation methods, depending on the starting date of the leaching process, will significantly reduce the cost of thermal insulation materials that are scarce in a remote region and reduce gold losses due to the temperature factor.
Каймонов, М. В.
Разработка рекомендаций по обеспечению оптимального теплового режима при кучном выщелачивании золота в условиях криолитозоны / Каймонов М. В. ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского // Известия высших учебных заведений. Горный журнал. - 2023. - N 4. - С. 68-81. - DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2023-4-68-81
DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2023-4-68-81
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